山西自考《英语(二)》复习资料--短语1

山西自考网 发布时间:2012年06月03日

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1.It is + adj.+ (for sb) to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是怎么样的
  It is impossible for me to finish the task in a week.
  对于我来说在一周内完成这个任务是不可能的。
  2.sb find(s) it (a.)+ to do sth.某人发现做某事如何
  I find it difficult to deal with him.
  我发现同他打交道很难。
  3.A is…times +as (a.) as+ B AB的几倍……
  A is…times+(a.)比较级+than+B AB……的几倍
  This room is three times as large as that one.
  这个房间是另外一个房间的三倍大。
  This building is three times higher than that one.
  这幢建筑物,比另外一幢高3倍(即是另外一幢的4倍高)
  4.so +(a.)+a/an+(cn) / too +(a.)+a/an/+(cn)
  such+a/an+(a.)+(cn) 如此以至于
  Today is so great a day.今天是如此美妙的一天。
  It's too difficult a task.这是一项太难的任务。
  She is such a pretty girl.她是如此漂亮的一个女孩。
  5.It takes (sb) sometime to do sth.某人花费多少时间做某事。
  It takes me about half an hour to repair my bicycle.修理我的自行车花费了我半个小时。
  6.with+(n) +其它
  (1) He stood there with arms crossed before him.(过去分词短语)
  他双手抱臂的站着。
  (2) The woman is settling on a chair with a baby in her arms(介词短语)
  这个女人手里抱着孩子坐在椅子上。
  (3) In summer I like sleeping with windows open.(a.)
  夏天的时候我喜欢开着窗户睡觉。
  7.make sb do → sb be made to do (主补)
  (主动去to)(宾补) (被动加to
  make sb/sth +(a) 宾补
  have sb do让某人去做某事
  have sth done 某事被别人做了(让别人<而不是自己>去做某事)
  (1) Her jokes made us all laugh.
  → We all were made to laugh by her jokes.我们都被她的笑话逗乐了。
  (2) The news made her happy.这条消息让她非常开心。
  (3) The professor had me make an experiment.教授让我做实验。
  (4) I had my hair cut last week.上周我剪了头发。
  8.倒装句
  scarcely…when…
  Scarcely had I entered the room when the telephone rang.
  我刚进屋子里,电话铃就响了。
  only+状语引出一个句子时,该句词序必须倒装,将助动词移到主语之前。
  Only in this way can you solve the problem. 只有用这个方法你才能解决问题。
  Only john is my close friend.只有约翰才是我的密友。
  as引导的让步状语从句,表语倒装
  Pretty as she is, she is not intelligent.她虽然很漂亮但是不聪明。
  尤其注意:单数的可数名词作表语,放在句首时不加任何冠词。
  Child as he is, he has been admitted by a university. 虽然他还是个孩子但是被一所大学录取了。
  句首为so/nor/neither等副词,表明前句说明的情况也适用于本句时,句子用倒装结构。
  I saw the movie last year. So did my brother.我去年看了那个电影。我的弟弟也是。
  My father can't speak English, neither/nor can my mother.我的爸爸不会讲英语,我的母亲也不会
  9.It is/was +被强调部分+that/who…(强调句)
  It is Xiaoming that/who broke the window.打碎玻璃的正是小明。
  It is English that I like best.我最喜欢的是英语。
  It is in Shanghai that the movie will be shown.那部电影正是要在上海放映。
  10.It is no use+ ving做某事是没有用处的
  It is no use crying over spilt milk.牛奶已经打翻。
  11.not only…but also…/either…or/neither…nor
  并列连词短语连接并列主语时,谓语(要依照主谓一致原则)。
  Neither he nor I am an engineer.他和我都不是工程师。
  Neither I nor he is an engineer.